Management of the Manantali Dam on the Senegal River: quantitative analysis of a conflict of objectives
2003
Bader, Jean-Claude | Lamagat, J.-P. (Jean-Pierre) | GUIGUEN, NOËL
Located on the Senegal River in West Africa, the Manantali Dam has been given different rival objectives: energy production and low-flow augmentation on the one hand; flood support on the other. This study examines a large range of management strategies and quantifies the results for each objective, depending on the available water resources. The operational management of the dam is numerically simulated over the 1970–2000 period. The low flow augmentation is considered to satisfy the needs of irrigated agriculture (supposed equal, doubled or tripled compared with the actual needs) with a high guaranty. The flood support is considered for different objectives of traditional flood-plain farming areas (translated into flow hydrographs) and for different thresholds conditioning water release. The results obtained for 216 simulated management scenarios show a notable linear relationship between the mean annual energy production and the mean annual area of traditional cropping. In comparison with a base scenario with no flood support, the increase of 1 ha of mean traditional cultivation area resulting from flood support involves a loss of mean electricity production, which amounts to 614 W in the present situation and would increase to 789 W if the irrigation needs trebled. The high capacity of the Manantali Reservoir makes it possible to reach the following objectives: meeting the present irrigation needs; annual flood support allowing to 52 000 ha of mean floodplain cultivation area (and a minimum of 45 000 ha); mean annual energy production of 768 GWh (and a minimum of 372 GWh).
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