Size dependent bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity of gold nanoparticles in an endobenthic invertebrate: The Tellinid clam Scrobicularia plana
2012
Pan, Jin-Fen | Buffet, Pierre-Emmanuel | Poirier, Laurence | Amiard-Triquet, C. | Gilliland, Douglas | Joubert, Yolaine | Pilet, Paul | Guibbolini, Marielle | Risso de Faverney, Christine | Roméo, Michèle | Valsami-Jones, Eugenia | Mouneyrac, Catherine
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have important technological applications resulting in an increased potential for release to the environment, and a greater possibility of toxicological effects. The marine bivalve Scrobicularia plana was exposed to AuNPs of size 5, 15 and 40nm during a 16 d laboratory exposure at 100μg Au L⁻¹. After exposure to AuNPs forming aggregates (>700nm), the clams accumulated Au in their soft tissues. Biochemical (biomarkers) and behavioral (burrowing and feeding) responses were investigated. Au NPs were responsible of metallothionein induction (5, 40nm), increased activities of catalase (15, 40nm) and superoxide dismutase (40nm) and of glutathione S-transferase by the three sizes of AuNPs indicating defense against oxidative stress. Exposure to AuNPs impaired burrowing behavior. However, it must be underlined that these effects were observed at a dose much higher than expected in the environment.
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