Toxicity Assessment of Fluoride-Contaminated Soil and Wastewater in Solanum tuberosum
2022
Devi, Gitika | Kushwaha, Anamika | Goswami, Lalit | Chakrabarty, Sutapa | Haradīpa Kaura, | Sathe, Sandip S. | Bahukhandi, Kanchan | Bhan, Uday | Sarma, Hari Prasad
Groundwater is the most common source of drinking and irrigation in the world. As a result of human activities and natural processes, fluoride (F⁻) levels have increased in most groundwater supplies in the recent decades. Excessive F⁻ in the potable water is a serious health problem in rural areas of many developing countries. Hence, there is an urgent need to identify its accumulation and toxicity into the food chain, and further find a simple and cost-effective method for soil and water defluoridation in such areas. In this regard, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate F⁻ uptake, accumulation, and toxic effects on two varieties of Solanum tuberosum (Kufri Jyoti and Kufri Sindhuri). A comparative study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of different sources (soil and water) of F⁻ contamination on its uptake by the plant. Five different levels of soil and water contamination were used. F⁻ concentration in both varieties was in the following order: root > shoot > tuber (with peel) > tuber (without peel) with the increase in F⁻ concentration in both soil and water. Furthermore, the decrease in biomass yield and all analyzed biochemical parameters in both varieties was observed with increasing F⁻ concentration in soil and water. Hence, appropriate preventative steps must be adopted to reduce the health risk in the selected area.
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