Yield and morpho-physiological performance of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) genotypes as affected by phosphorus and zinc
2022
Jorfi, Anise | Alavifazel, Mojtaba | Gilani, Abdolali | Ardakani, Mohammad Reza | Lak, Shahram
Meeting nutritional needs and removing restrictions of nutrient uptake ensures quinoa production. This research has been conducted over a two year (2018–2020) in Khuzestan Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center to appraisal the role of P and Zn elements on changing quinoa genotypes performance by modifying photosynthetic processes and nutrients uptake. This experiment was run as factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three factors and three replicates. In this study, four levels of P₂O₅ fertilizer (0, 50, 100, 150 kg ha⁻¹), three rates of ZnSO₄ (0, 4 and 8 kg ha⁻¹), and three genotypes of quinoa (Giza 1, Q26, Titicaca) were examined. Regarding results, the desirable performance of Giza 1 and Titicaca genotypes was observed in 100 kg ha⁻¹of P₂O₅ fertilizer and 4 kg ha⁻¹ ZnSO₄ treatment. An eight kg ha⁻¹ of ZnSO₄ had a negative effect on the quinoa physiological indices. The number of grains per plant was identified as the essential feature, with 94.75% justification of grain yield changes. Nutrient’s analysis exhibited the highest grain quality in top levels of P₂O₅ and ZnSO₄ application, which differed with control mode. Pearson correlation results were implied that grain yield correlated positively and significantly (p ≤ 0.01) with chlorophyll index (CI), number of panicles per plant (NPP), number of grains per plant (NGP), and 1000-grain weight. Upmost photosynthetic power and nutrients efficiency were allocated to Q26 genotype at 150 kg ha⁻¹ level of P₂O₅ accompanied by 4 kg ha⁻¹ ZnSO₄ foliar application, which led to higher grain production.
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