Delphinidin accumulation is associated with abnormal flower development in petunias
2004
Ando, T. | Takahashi, M. | Nakajima, T. | Toya, Y. | Watanabe, H. | Kokubun, H. | Tatsuzawa, F.
The relative floral anthocyanidin contents of 195 commercial petunias with floral colours other than white and yellow were determined using HPLC, and the presence of five anthocyanidins {cyanidin, peonidin, delphinidin, petunidin, and malvidin} was confirmed. Pelargonidin was not detected, and delphinidin was not a major component. Using a principal component analysis of the relative anthocyanidin contents, the petunias were classified into three phenotype-groups accumulating cyanidin, peonidin, or malvidin, plus petunidin as the major anthocyanidin. A fourth phenotype was segregated in the progeny obtained by self-pollinating an F1 hybrid of the malvidin group; this accumulated delphinidin 3-glucoside in a markedly crumpled corolla-limb (delphinidin group). Such inferior floral traits, associated with the accumulation of delphinidin 3-glucoside, are thought to be the driving force that removed the delphinidin group from commercial petunias. A comparison of flowers of the delphinidin group and those of the other groups may provide a useful tool towards a deeper understanding of how anthocyanin biosynthesis relates to normal development of the corolla.
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