The high erucic acid content of rapeseed and mustard has been associated with myocardial damage. In animal studies of rapeseed, mustard, and groundnut oil, the growth, feed intake, and efficiency of feed conversion on the rapeseed and mustrard oil diets were lower and the amount of fecal lipid, which contained a high percentage of erucic acid, was significantly higher. A calorie-restricted diet containing rapeseed oil did not shorten the life span of test animals. Myocardial lipidosis caused by a high erucic acid diet decreased after reaching a maximum point, but continuing on the diet for more than 2 or 3 weeks resulted in myocardial fibrosis. Heart muscle conditioned to high erucic acid intake had increased erucic acid incorporation in cardiolipin, indicating alteration of the mitochondrial inner membrane. Intake of low erucic acid over a long period also caused myocardial fibrosis. Contractile force is reduced but enzymes seem unaffected.
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