Physicochemical Properties of Extracts from Different Parts of Camellia sinensis
2022
Im, S.H. | Kim, J.S.
BACKGROUND: There are various physiologically active substances in Camellia sinensis leaves, and much research has been conducted on it, however, the properties of other parts such as branch, flower, seed, and root are still unknown. Therefore, in this study, we checked the physicochemical properties of each part of C. sinensis. METHODS AND RESULTS: In this study, we prepared a 70% ethyl alcohol extract of each part of C. sinensis and determined their yield, total polyphenol and total flavonoid contents, antioxidant activity, components [using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)], and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The yield was highest in the flower extract, and the total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity tended to be high in the order of leaf, root, branch, flower, and seed. Analysis of the catechin compounds using HPLC, confirmed that epigallocatechin (EGC) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) were mostly present in the leaf, but epicatechin (EC), gallocatechin gallate (GCG), and gallocatechin (GC) were present in varying concentrations in each part. The inhibitory activity of α-glucosidase was higher than that of acarbose, a hypoglycemic agent, in all parts except the seed, which showed no activity. Furthermore, significantly higher α-glucosidase inhibitory activity was confirmed in the root. CONCLUSIONS: Apart from the leaves, which have been widely used and studied in the industry, the C. sinensis root and brances showed high activity. In particular, the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity was very high, confirming the possibility of using the roots and brances discarded by the tea leaf industry as an antidiabetic material.
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