Levels of Particulate Matter, Black Carbon, and Toxic gases (O3, NO2) in Taj City Agra and their Health implications on Human Being
2023
Rajouriya, Kalpana | Dubey, Stuti | Singh, Shailendra | Tripathi, Tulika | John, Rini | Taneja, Ajay
Real-time monitoring of Black Carbon and Particulate Matter was done by Aerosol Black Carbon Detector (ABCD) and GRIMM portable aerosol Spectrometer in Agra at five different locations (R1, R2 traffic and R3, R4, R5 residential road sites). Major portion of PM mass was contributed by PM10 followed by PM2.5 and PM1.0. Major portion of PM in number mode is contributed by PM10=PM0.25 followed by PM5.0 =PM0.5, PM1.0, and PM2.5. All the PMs mass and number concentration was highly associated with the R1 site due to the vehicular and other anthropogenic activities and was least at R5 except for PM10. The highest concentration of BC was found at R2 site followed by R1 while During the sampling events NO2 and O3 was found highest at R2 site followed by R1. The source of BC, PMs, NO2, O3 at R1& R2 may be vehicular activities, population activities, crowded area, and industrial activities. BC contribution in PM1.0 was highest followed by PM2.5. The children category in the traffic site has high PM deposition mass visualization as compared to the residential road site so they are highly affected by lung diseases instead of the residential road site children category. From health risk assessment results, it was found that no population was at non-carcinogenic risk from chronic exposure to PM10 while children may be at possible risk from acute exposure. However, cancerous risk assessment showed that both children and adult were at risk from exposure of PM2.5 and may develop cancerous diseases.
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