Effect of Macroporous Gelatin Cryogel as Biomaterial Scaffold on Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Direct Conversion of Fibroblasts into Osteoblasts
2021
Kim, M.H. | Park, J.H.
Bone is an important organ that plays a crucial role in protecting other internal organs, producing blood cells, and maintaining blood calcium homeostasis. Diseases such as bone fractures and osteoporosis that cause bone dysfunction can seriously impair patient's life quality. Recently, transplantation of the osteoblast-embedded three-dimensional hydrogels has been studied as means for bone regeneration. In this study, macroporous gelatin cryogel was fabricated to promote osteoblast differentiation. The interconnected macroporosity of gelatin cryogel was confirmed by scanning electron microscope and the swelling ratio of the gel was determined using dried swollen gel weight. Next, the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrowderived human mesenchymal stem cells and the direct conversion of human dermal fibroblasts into osteoblasts were performed in the fabricated macroporous gelatin cryogel and the efficiencies were compared with those in Matrigel, respectivley. Quantitative analysis of calcium deposition demonstrated that the functional osteoblasts were generated with higher efficiency in the macroporous gelatin cryogel than in Matrigel. Consequently, these results suggest that the macroporous gelatin cryogel has a great potential as biomaterial scaffold for efficient bone tissue engineering.
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