Effects of fish oil replacement by vegetable oil blend on digestive enzymes and tissue histomorphology of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles
2016
Castro, Carolina | Couto, Ana | Pérez-Jiménez, Amalia | Serra, Cláudia R. | Díaz-Rosales, Patricia | Fernandes, Rui | Corraze, Geneviève | Panserat, Stéphane | Oliva-Teles, Aires | Centro de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIMA) ; Universidade do Algarve (UAlg) | Faculdade de Ciencias ; Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon = Université de Lisbonne (ULISBOA) | Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular | Nutrition, Aquaculture et Génomique (NUAGE) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER) | This work was partially supported by the FCT (Foundation for Science and Technology), Portugal (Project PTDC/MAR-BIO/4107/2012) and co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the COMPETE—Operational Competitiveness Programme and national funds through FCT—under the project “PEst-C/MAR/LA0015/2011”. CC was supported by a Grant (SFRH/BD/76297/2011), AC (SFRH/BD/47495/2008) and APJ (SFRH/BPD/64684/2009) from FCT, Portugal. PDR and CRS were supported by Grants (NORTE-07-0124-FEDER-000038-BPD-2013-07; NORTE-07-0124-FEDER-000038-BPD-2013-05, respectively)
The impact of replacing circa 70 % fish oil (FO) by a vegetable oil (VO) blend (rapeseed, linseed, palm oils; 20:50:30) in diets for European sea bass juveniles (IBW 96 ± 0.8 g) was evaluated in terms of activities of digestive enzymes (amylase, lipase, alkaline phosphatase, trypsin and total alkaline proteases) in the anterior (AI) and posterior (PI) intestine and tissue morphology (pyloric caeca—PC, AI, PI, distal intestine—DI and liver). For that purpose, fish were fed the experimental diets for 36 days and then liver and intestine were sampled at 2, 6 and 24 h after the last meal. Alkaline protease characterization was also done in AI and PI at 6 h post-feeding. Dietary VO promoted higher alkaline phosphatase activity at 2 h post-feeding in the AI and at all sampling points in the PI. Total alkaline protease activity was higher at 6 h post-feeding in the PI of fish fed the FO diet. Identical number of bands was observed in zymograms of alkaline proteases of fish fed both diets. No alterations in the histomorphology of PC, AI, PI or DI were noticed in fish fed the VO diets, while in the liver a tendency towards increased hepatocyte vacuolization due to lipid accumulation was observed. Overall, and with the exception of a higher intestine alkaline phosphatase activity, 70 % FO replacement by a VO blend in diets for European sea bass resulted in no distinctive alterations on the postprandial pattern of digestive enzyme activities and intestine histomorphology.
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