Long-term dynamics of cocoa agroforestry systems established on lands previously occupied by savannah or forests
2019
Nijmeijer, Annemarijn | Lauri, Pierre-Eric | Harmand, Jean-Michel | Freschet, Grégoire | Essobo Nieboukaho, Jean-Daniel | Fogang, Patrick, Kenfack | Enock, Seguy | Saj, Stéphane | Fonctionnement et conduite des systèmes de culture tropicaux et méditerranéens (UMR SYSTEM) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM) ; Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro) | Institut de Recherche Agricole pour le Développement [Yaoundé] (IRAD) | World Agroforestry Centre [CGIAR, Cameroun] (ICRAF) ; World Agroforestry Center [CGIAR, Kenya] (ICRAF) ; Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR)-Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR) | Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro) | Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE) ; Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) ; Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Occitanie])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro) | Station d'écologie théorique et expérimentale (SETE) ; Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) ; Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse (Comue de Toulouse)-Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse (Comue de Toulouse)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | STRADIV (Agropolis Fondation) : 1405-018 ; AFS4FOOD (EuropeAid) projects : 30-741/D/ACT/ACP ; CIRAD (French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development) ; IRAD (Institute of Agricultural Research for Development of Cameroon) | ANR-10-LABX-0001,AGRO,Agricultural Sciences for sustainable Development(2010)
International audience
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]anglais. Cocoa agroforestry systems (cAFS) in Central Cameroon are established on lands which were either forest or savannah. The functioning and ecosystem services (ES) delivery of an agroecosystem can be influenced by past land-use. We hypothesised that savannah-derived cocoa agroforestry systems (S-cAFS) and forest-derived cocoa agroforestry systems (F-cAFS) would (i) progressively drift away from past land-use, and (ii) eventually converge and support comparable levels of ecosystem services. We selected 25 ecosystem attributes directly related to at least one of the following six ecosystem (dis)services (ES): species conservation, carbon storage, crop production, nutrient cycling, soil quality and soil pollution. We followed their temporal evolution in S- and F-cAFS along >70-year chronosequences. Our results showed that the attributes and services studied followed typical temporal trajectories in S- and F-cAFS while generally tending to reach comparable levels on the long run. However, the time needed to do so varied strongly and ranged from 20 to 30 years for perennial species diversity to more than 70 years for C storage or some components of soil quality. The results also demonstrated that S-cAFS could sustainably improve many of the studied attributes and ES. Regarding the attributes related to the cocoa stand, both S- and F-cAFS seemed influenced by their previous land-use up until 15 and 30 years, respectively, after their establishment. With respect to soil quality, nutrient cycling and carbon storage, only S-cAFS could be significantly distinguished from their past land-use, after 15 to 30 years.
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