Sequence characterization of insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) promoter 2 in Philippine native pigs (Sus scrofa Lin.)
2023
Garcia, J.V.A. | Estrella, C.A.S.
Philippine native pigs are generally small and late maturing compared to commercial breeds. To understand this unique character, this study characterized the insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF2), which is known to be one of the critical drivers of animal growth and development. The promoter 2 region of IGF2 was amplified via PCR and sequenced using 30 Philippine native pig samples. Seven distinct single nucleotide polymorphism were detected. Gene and genotypic frequencies were computed per genetic and size groupings and a Fisher's Exact Test of independence revealed that the proportion of alleles in SNP g.652 CG were significantly different among the four Philippine native pig genetic groups namely Kalinga, Eastern Samar, Quezon and Marindugue (p-value = 0.0134) and between large (Marinduque + Quezon) and small (Kalinga + Eastern Samar) sized pigs (p-value = 0.0168). Furthermore, the P2 sequence was subjected to motif characterization wherein 14 transcription factor binding sites were detected along the reverse and forward standards in the promoter region using the online transcription factor bioinformatics tool JASPAR. These transcription factor binding sites interact with seven distinct transcription factor found in pigs and suggest that base mutations detected in the IGF2 P2 region which are on, or immediately flanking these. TF binding sites, may influence the P2- mediated lGF2 expression in Philippine native pigs. These IGF2 variations in the Philippine native pig populations can serve as a basis for the development of molecular markers associated with pre- and post-natal growth.
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