Effects of Tillage Practice and Planting Date on Maize-onion Growth and Yield in Southern Regions Paddy Field
2021
Park, W.S. | Kim, G.G. | Jeong, Y.H. | Choi, N.Y. | Na, C.I.
The present study investigated the effects of tillage practices (deep cultivation [DC] and conventional tillage [CT]) and extended planting dates (mid-June to July) for maize-onion rotation in paddy fields. The silage corn (Zea mays L.) cultivar ‘Kwangpyeongok’ and the waxy corn cultivar ‘Ilmichal’ were planted on June 14, July 3, and July 15 in 2019. In both maize, the plant height of June 14 planted was up to 100 cm greater than that of July 15 planted on August 16 and up to 40 cm on August 30. At 30 Days after planting, the leaf area index (LAI) of silage corn planted on July 3 and 15 greater than that of corn planted on June 14 due to high temperature in the early season; however, there were no differences in the LAI of waxy corn according to the planting date. Despite favorable temperature, plants sown on July 3 and 15 experienced high moisture stress during the seedling stage due to consistent rainfall, and waxy corn was highly sensitive to high moisture stress. The total yield of silage corn was 1,232 (845 in TDN), 860 (598 in TDN), and 765 (508 in TDN) DW kg･10a⁻¹ for plants sown on June 14, July 3, and July 15, respectively. The fresh marketable ear yield of waxy corn was 872, 814, and 525 FW kg･10a⁻¹ for plants sown on June 14, July 3, and July 15, respectively. After the completion of maize cultivation, onion seedlings (Allium cepa L.) were transplanted on November 12, 2019, and harvested on May 27, 2020. Neither summer tillage nor maize planting date affected onion growth or yield. The marketable onion yield was 8,305 and 7,848 kg･10a⁻¹ with DC and CT, respectively. In conclusion, DC did not improve maize growth or yield under paddy conditions. Mid-June to early July is a practical window for maize planting for growers in this region.
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