The effect of the fungus Beauveria bassiana and the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis berliner on the twospotted mite Tetranychus urticae Koch on bean plants under greenhouses conditions
2023
Areeg Saleh
The study was conducted in the laboratories of Lattakia Center for Rearing Natural Enemies during the years 2021-2022 to investigate the effect of the fungus Beauveria bassiana and the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Kurstaki on the two-spotted mite Tetranychus urticae, both in the laboratory and in the field (under greenhouses conditions). B.bassiana was isolated from the Red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus. Asuspension of B.bassiana was prepared at a concentration of 107 spores/ml and was applied on the eggs, larval and adult stages of T. urticae, both in the laboratory and in the field. B.bassiana was also applied as a spray to the egg, larval and adult stages of T.urticae, in compariso with the standard control which is the pesticide supermectin (the active ingredient is abamactin) at a concentration of 1.8 g/L and a control treatment using distilled sterilized water. The results showed that the effect of B.bassiana spores on egg hatching was lowed, but there were significant differences in compared with the control and standard control. The hatching percentage after 7 days of treatment were (90%, 95%, 70%, 80%, 98.75%, and 98.75%) for B. bassiana, standard control, and control treatments, respectively, both in the laboratory and in the field. However, the hatching percentage in the fungus spray treatment was lower than that in the fungus suspension treatment, with no significant differences between them. The hatching percentage in the fungus spray treatment were (85%, 90%), with significant differences compared to the control and standard control (98.75, 70%). Furthermore, the results showed that there were significant differences using B.bassiana. and caused mortality in the larval and adult stages on. T.urticae, both in the laboratory and in the field, and recorded (75%, 60%, 65%, 50%) after 7 days of treatments, respectively, compared to the control (8.75, 6.25, 6.25, 3.75%) and standard control (100, 90, 100, 85%). No significant differences were observed between the fungus spray treatment and the fungus suspension treatment for the mortality percentage of the larval and adult stages on T.urticae, and recorded (77.5, 70%) respectively, for the fungus spray treatment, and (75, 65%) respectively, for the fungus suspension treatment. The results also showed that the use of the B. thuringiensis subsp. Kurstaki isolate at a concentration of 107 cells/mL and the standard control treatment with the pesticide supermectin, both in the laboratory and in the field, the effect on the hatching percentage of the egg, after 72 hours of treatments, which were (70%, 75%, 60%, 70%) and significant differences compared to the control treatment, which were 96.25% and 93.75%. The bacterial suspension and standard control treatments also had the highest mortality rate for the larval stage of .T.urticae, both in the laboratory and in the field, with mortality rates of (80%, 75%, 90%, 85%) after 72 hours of treatments, with significant differences compared to the control treatment, and were 3.75% and 2.5%. The treatment with the bacterium and standard control treatment with the pesticide supermectin also recorded the highest mortality rate for the adult stage of T.urticae, both in the laboratory and in the field, and were (75%, 60%, 90%, 80%) with significant differences compared to the control treatment, which were 2.5% and 1.25%, respectively.
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Tishreen University Faculty of Agriculture Engineering
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بكتريا; نبات الفاصولياء; أكاروس الأحمر ذو البقعتين; فطر
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arabe
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