Selected soil-borne fungi under Glyphosate application and crop residues from a long-term field experiment

A study was carried out to determine the short-term effects of glyphosate and crop residues on the population dynamics of soil-borne fungi under field conditions. Field experiments were conducted during two growing seasons. The assays were done in plots that were subjected to a peanut (Arachis hypogaea)-corn (Zea mays)-soyabean (Glycine max) rotation system with two sequences: corn-soyabean-peanut and soyabean-corn-peanut. Soil samples were randomly collected from a peanut-corn-soyabean rotation field located at Córdoba province (Argentina) in order to quantify native populations of Fusarium, Pythium, Trichoderma, Gliocladium and culturable total fungi populations. Independently of the present crop, the highest population of Trichoderma and Gliocladium were recorded in soil with corn residue. Pythium populations increased after glyphosate treatment. Trichoderma, Gliocladium and culturable total fungi populations were not affected by glyphosate applications. Information on the actual time and duration of population responses of various important soil-borne fungi after glyphosate treatment is currently limited since it is dependent on numerous parameters such as soil condition, type of hosts involved and soil microbial interactions. The use of corn residue appeared as an interesting alternative to increase the population of potential antagonistre fungi, and reduce crop diseases; therefore more field research along this line is clearly needed.

Fil: Meriles, Jose Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Ciencias y Tecnología de los Alimentos; Argentina

Fil: Vargas Gil, Silvina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Fitopatología y Fisiología Vegetal; Argentina

Fil: Haro Juarez, Ricardo Javier. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Córdoba. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Manfredi; Argentina

Fil: March, J. G.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Fitopatología y Fisiología Vegetal; Argentina

Fil: Guzman, Carlos Alberto. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Ciencias y Tecnología de los Alimentos; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina