Unforeseen plant phenotypic diversity in a dry and grazed world
2024
Gross, Nicolas | Maestre, Fernando | Liancourt, Pierre | Berdugo, Miguel | Martin, Raphaël | Gozalo, Beatriz | Ochoa, Victoria | Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel | Maire, Vincent | Saiz, Hugo | Soliveres, Santiago | Valencia, Enrique | Eldridge, David | Guirado, Emilio | Jabot, Franck | Asensio, Sergio | Gaitán, Juan | García-Gómez, Miguel | Martínez, Paloma | Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime | Mendoza, Betty | Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo | Pescador, David | Plaza, César | Pijuan, Ivan Santaolaria | Abedi, Mehdi | Ahumada, Rodrigo | Amghar, Fateh | Arroyo, Antonio | Bahalkeh, Khadijeh | Bailey, Lydia | Ben Salem, Farah | Blaum, Niels | Boldgiv, Bazartseren | Bowker, Matthew | Branquinho, Cristina | van den Brink, Liesbeth | Bu, Chongfeng | Canessa, Rafaella | Castillo-Monroy, Andrea del P. | Castro, Helena | Castro, Patricio | Chibani, Roukaya | Conceição, Abel Augusto | Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony | Davila, Yvonne | Deák, Balázs | Donoso, David | Durán, Jorge | Espinosa, Carlos | Fajardo, Alex | Farzam, Mohammad | Ferrante, Daniela | Franzese, Jorgelina | Fraser, Lauchlan | Gonzalez, Sofía | Gusman-Montalvan, Elizabeth | Hernández-Hernández, Rosa Mary | Hölzel, Norbert | Huber-Sannwald, Elisabeth | Jadan, Oswaldo | Jeltsch, Florian | Jentsch, Anke | Ju, Mengchen | Kaseke, Kudzai | Kindermann, Liana | Le Roux, Peter | Linstädter, Anja | Louw, Michelle | Mabaso, Mancha | Maggs-Kölling, Gillian | Makhalanyane, Thulani | Issa, Oumarou Malam | Manzaneda, Antonio | Marais, Eugene | Margerie, Pierre | Hughes, Frederic Mendes | Messeder, João Vitor S. | Mora, Juan | Moreno, Gerardo | Munson, Seth | Nunes, Alice | Oliva, Gabriel | Oñatibia, Gaston | Peter, Guadalupe | Pueyo, Yolanda | Quiroga, R. Emiliano | Ramírez-Iglesias, Elizabeth | Reed, Sasha | Rey, Pedro | Reyes Gómez, Víctor | Rodríguez, Alexandra | Rolo, Victor | Rubalcaba, Juan | Ruppert, Jan | Sala, Osvaldo | Salah, Ayman | Sebei, Phokgedi Julius | Stavi, Ilan | Stephens, Colton | Teixido, Alberto | Thomas, Andrew | Throop, Heather | Tielbörger, Katja | Travers, Samantha | Undrakhbold, Sainbileg | Val, James | Valkó, Orsolya | Velbert, Frederike | Wamiti, Wanyoike | Wang, Lixin | Wang, Deli | Wardle, Glenda | Wolff, Peter | Yahdjian, Laura | Yari, Reza | Zaady, Eli | Zeberio, Juan Manuel | Zhang, Yuanling | Zhou, Xiaobing | Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann | Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial - UMR (UREP) ; VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | King Abdullah University of Science and Technology [Thuwal, Saudi Arabia] (KAUST) | Stuttgart State Museum of Natural History | Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM) | Universidad de Alicante | Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS) ; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas [España] = Spanish National Research Council [Spain] (CSIC) | Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (UQTR) | Universidad de Zaragoza = University of Zaragoza [Saragossa University] = Université de Saragosse | University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW) | Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE) ; Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
International audience
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]anglais. Earth harbours an extraordinary plant phenotypic diversity1 that is at risk from ongoing global changes2,3. However, it remains unknown how increasing aridity and livestock grazing pressure—two major drivers of global change4,5,6—shape the trait covariation that underlies plant phenotypic diversity1,7. Here we assessed how covariation among 20 chemical and morphological traits responds to aridity and grazing pressure within global drylands. Our analysis involved 133,769 trait measurements spanning 1,347 observations of 301 perennial plant species surveyed across 326 plots from 6 continents. Crossing an aridity threshold of approximately 0.7 (close to the transition between semi-arid and arid zones) led to an unexpected 88% increase in trait diversity. This threshold appeared in the presence of grazers, and moved toward lower aridity levels with increasing grazing pressure. Moreover, 57% of observed trait diversity occurred only in the most arid and grazed drylands, highlighting the phenotypic uniqueness of these extreme environments. Our work indicates that drylands act as a global reservoir of plant phenotypic diversity and challenge the pervasive view that harsh environmental conditions reduce plant trait diversity8,9,10. They also highlight that many alternative strategies may enable plants to cope with increases in environmental stress induced by climate change and land-use intensification.
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