Rhizobial diversity associated with the spontaneous legume Genista saharae in the northeastern Algerian Sahara
2017
Chaich, Khaled | Bekki, Abdelkader | Bouras, Noureddine | Holtz, Michael D. | Soussou, Souhir | Maure, Lucette | Brunel, Brigitte | de Lajudie, Philippe | Cleyet-Marel, Jean Claude | Laboratoire Génie de l’eau et de l’Environnement en Milieu Saharien ; Université de Ouargla | Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Faculté des Sciences ; University of Oran Es-Senia [Oran] | Université d'Oran Es-Senia [Oran] | École normale supérieure - Kouba-Alger (ENS Kouba-Alger) | Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre ; University of Ghardaia [Algeria] = Université de Ghardaïa [Algérie] = جامعة غرداية (ar) | Alberta Agriculture and Rural Development ; Field Crop Development Centre (FCDC) | Laboratoire des symbioses tropicales et méditerranéennes (UMR LSTM) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro) | Fertil'Innov Environnement
Genista saharae is an indigenous shrub legume that spontaneously grows in the northeastern Algerian Sahara. It is known for efficient dune fixation and soil preservation against desertification, due to its drought tolerance and its contribution to sustainable nitrogen resources implemented by biological N-2-fixation. In this study, the root nodule bacteria of G. saharae were investigated using phenotypic and phylogenetic characterization. A total of 57 rhizobial strains were isolated from nodules from several sites in the hyper-arid region of Metlili and Taibet (east Septentrional Sahara). They all nodulate G. saharae species but they differed in their symbiotic efficiency and effectiveness. The genetic diversity was assessed by sequencing three housekeeping genes (atpD, recA and 16S rRNA). The majority of isolates (81 %) belonged to the genus Ensifer (previously Sinorhizobium), represented mainly by the species Ensifer meliloti. The next most abundant genera were Neorhizobium (17 %) with 3 different species: N. alkalisoli, N. galegae and N. huautlense and Mesorhizobium (1.75 %) represented by the species M. camelthorni. Most of the isolated strains tolerated up to 4%(w/v) NaCl and grew at 45 degrees C. This study is the first report on the characterization of G. saharae microsymbionts in the Algerian Sahara.
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