Efficacy of the pure Oryctes rhinoceros nudivirus against Oryctes rhinoceros larvae under controlled condition
2023
Anggraini, E. | Vadamalai, G. | Kong, L.K. | Mat, M. | Lau, W.H.
The coconut rhinoceros beetle (CRB), Oryctes rhinoceros, is a destructive pest of palm trees. In Malaysia, the average crop loss caused by CRB in the first year of harvesting is estimated to be between 40 and 92 percent. In 1963, Oryctes rhinoceros nudivirus (OrNV) a natural CRB pathogen, was discovered in Malaysia. It has been widely used to control CRB in oil palm plantations. The new strain, known as OrNV strain Kluang, was successfully purified and isolated from epizootic diseased CRB larvae. The study regarding the pure OrNV against CRB has not much been reported. This study aimed to examine the efficacy of pure OrNV against CRB larvae under controlled condition. The CRB larvae were collected from the field and were observed the CRB species and the presence of OrNV. Then, the diseased CRB was subjected to viral purification using 10-50% (w/v) sucrose gradient density. The obtained fraction from viral purification was identified by using morphological and molecular identification. The pure OrNV was inoculated to CRB larvae instar 3. Total 50 larvae were per os inoculated with 10 mul suspension of OrNV was mixed with sugarcane (ratio 1:1). Seven days after infection, the inoculated larvae were examined for histopathology study. The pure OrNV after optimization method showed the clear rod nucleocapsids under TEM. The infected CRB showed LT sub 50 10.159+-0.20. Infected CRB larvae exhibited a ruptured peritrophic membrane, whereas healthy larvae exhibited an intact peritrophic membrane.
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