A Natural Event of Radioactivity
2024
Gunay Dadashzade
Natural radioactivity was first discovered in 1896 by the French physicist Beck Kerelem. As a result of recent research, Pierre and Marie Curie discovered that the nucleus of atoms of some elements spontaneously transforms into the nucleus of atoms of other elements, and during this, the radiation of particles occurs. Most naturally occurring radioactive elements form a radioactive family in which each radioactive element originates from the preceding radioactive element and in turn transforms into the next radioactive element. The transformations continue until the end product is an isotope of a stable element. In nature, there are also radioactive elements that this transformation occurs only once. In 1934, French scientists Irene and Fredrik Joluo-Curie irradiated aluminum, boron and manganese with particles and obtained isotopes of phosphorus, nitrogen and silicon elements, which do not exist in nature. This type of radioactivity is called artificial radioactivity. Later, by irradiating various elements with proton, deuteron and neutron particles, they obtained isotopes of all chemical elements in the Mendeleev table.
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