Caracterización de alfalfa nacional (Medicago sativa) inducida a mutación, mediante etilmetasulfonato “EMS”

National alfalfa is a forage legume used as a form of nutritional alternative, for ruminants and monogastric herbivores, due to its high nutritional value with 24% protein in the leaves in dry matter (DM) and 10% protein in the stem. In Ecuador it is used mainly for feeding dairy cattle in hay, green fodder, silage, etc. Mutagenesis as a genetic improvement tool is one of the most widely used methods, both physical (gamma rays, x-rays, among others) and chemicals such as Ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS), so in this research project work EMS was used as an inducer. of the genetic variability in 5 treatments and in a time of 24 hours, in three repetitions in the seeds of national alfalfa (Medicago sativa) with which genomic variety is sought in the DNA of the seed both in germination and in the morphology of plant. This research project will be carried out at the Technical University of Babahoyo in the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics. The objective of the study is to evaluate the morphological characterization of the national alfalfa (Medicago sativa) induced by Ethyl methane sulfonate. In which an experimental design was used to later be sown in germination trays within the nursery and the test field to determine its germination and adaptability to tropical conditions, the information was carried out through a completely random design with the 5 treatments (T1: Control (Water), T2: 0.25% EMS, T3: 0.50% EMS, T4: 0.75% EMS and T5: 1.00% EMS). The behavior of the Alfalfa crop with the impregnation in different doses in each treatment will be evaluated, for this, data such as germination index, plant height, stem diameter, number of branches and number of leaves will be taken. The results were subjected to the analysis of variance in the InfoStat statistical program, and demonstrated that both the germination of seeds sown in the field and in germinating trays presented the same behavior.

National alfalfa is a forage legume used as a form of nutritional alternative, for ruminants and monogastric herbivores, due to its high nutritional value with 24% protein in the leaves in dry matter (DM) and 10% protein in the stem. In Ecuador it is used mainly for feeding dairy cattle in hay, green fodder, silage, etc. Mutagenesis as a genetic improvement tool is one of the most widely used methods, both physical (gamma rays, x-rays, among others) and chemicals such as Ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS), so in this research project work EMS was used as an inducer. of the genetic variability in 5 treatments and in a time of 24 hours, in three repetitions in the seeds of national alfalfa (Medicago sativa) with which genomic variety is sought in the DNA of the seed both in germination and in the morphology of plant. This research project will be carried out at the Technical University of Babahoyo in the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics. The objective of the study is to evaluate the morphological characterization of the national alfalfa (Medicago sativa) induced by Ethyl methane sulfonate. In which an experimental design was used to later be sown in germination trays within the nursery and the test field to determine its germination and adaptability to tropical conditions, the information was carried out through a completely random design with the 5 treatments (T1: Control (Water), T2: 0.25% EMS, T3: 0.50% EMS, T4: 0.75% EMS and T5: 1.00% EMS). The behavior of the Alfalfa crop with the impregnation in different doses in each treatment will be evaluated, for this, data such as germination index, plant height, stem diameter, number of branches and number of leaves will be taken. The results were subjected to the analysis of variance in the InfoStat statistical program, and demonstrated that both the germination of seeds sown in the field and in germinating trays presented the same behavior.

La alfalfa Nacional es una leguminosa forrajera utilizada como una forma de alternativa nutricional, para rumiantes y monogastricos herbívoros, por su alto valor nutritivo con un 24% de proteína en las hojas en materia seca (MS) y el 10% de proteína en el tallo. En el Ecuador es utilizada principalmente para la alimentación el ganado lechero en heno, forraje verde, ensilo etc. La mutagenesis como herramienta de mejoramiento genético es de los métodos más utilizado, tanto físico (rayos gamma, rayos x entre otros) y químicos como Ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) por lo que en este trabajo de proyecto de investigación se utilizó el EMS como inductor de la variabilidad genética en 5 tratamientos y en un tiempo de 24 hrs, en tres repeticiones en las semillas de alfalfa nacional (Medicago sativa) con el cual se busca variedad genómica en el ADN de la semilla tanto en la germinación como en la morfología de la planta. El presente Proyecto de investigación se llevó a cabo en la Universidad Técnica de Babahoyo en la Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuaria, Esc. Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia. El objetivo de estudio es evaluar la caracterización morfológica de la alfalfa nacional (Medicago sativa) inducida mediante Ethyl methane sulfonate. Se utilizará un diseño experimental para luego ser sembradas en bandejas de germinación dentro del vivero y el terreno de prueba para determinar su germinación y adaptabilidad a condiciones tropicales la información fue realizada mediante un diseño completamente aleatorio con los 5 tratamientos (T1: Testigo (Agua), T2: 0,25 % EMS, T3:0,50% EMS, T4: 0,75% EMS Y T5: 1,00 % EMS). Se evaluó el comportamiento que presenta el cultivo de Alfalfa con la impregnación en diferente dosis en cada tratamiento, para esto se tomaron datos como índice de germinación, altura de la planta, diámetro de tallo, número de ramas y número de hojas. Los resultados fueron sometidos al análisis de varianza en el programa estadístico InfoStat, y demostraron que tanto la germinación de semillas sembradas en campo y en bandejas germinadoras presentaron el mismo comportamiento.