New data regarding distribution of cattle ticks in the south-western Indian Ocean islands
2013
Stachurski, Frédéric | Tortosa, Pablo | Rahajarison, Patrick | Jacquet, Stéphanie | Yssouf, Amina | Huber, Karine | Contrôle des maladies animales exotiques et émergentes (UMR CMAEE) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) | Centre National de Recherche Appliquée au Développement Rural (FOFIFA) | Centre de Recherche et de Veille sur les Maladies Émergentes dans l'Océan Indien (CRVOI) ; Université de La Réunion (UR) | Université de La Réunion (UR) | GIS-CRVOI (projet DIGEERAV-OI); INRA AIP Bio-Ressources; CIRAD- INRA; Fonds Europeen de Developpement Regional, Programme Operationnel de Cooperation Territoriale Reunion, Pathogenes Associes a la Faune Sauvage Ocean Indien [31189]; Service de Cooperation et d'Action Culturelle of the French Embassy in Madagascar
International audience
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]anglais. Recent studies have produced new insight into the origin and distribution of some cattle ticks in the south-western Indian Ocean islands. Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, introduced from Tanzania in 2002, is now well established on Grande Comore but has not yet reached the other islands of the archipelago (Moheli, Anjouan and Mayotte). Only one of the two clades identified in Africa has settled so far. Amblyomma variegatum, which was not supposed to be able to persist in the Antananarivo region (1300 m) nor in other Malagasy regions of high altitude without regular introductions of ticks by infested cattle, is now endemic as a general rule up to 1600 m although other regions of lower altitude (1400 m) are still free of the tick. This species remains confined in a small area of the west coast on La Reunion Island. On the contrary, Hyalomma dromedarii could not settle on Madagascar where it was introduced in 2008 and Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi is not yet present in Grande Comore despite regular introductions by infested cattle from Tanzania. A phylogeographic approach has been carried out at an intra-specific level for A. variegatum. This study has led to the identification of two main lineages, one covering all species distribution and one restricted to East Africa and the Indian Ocean area. These two lineages are in sympatry in Madagascar where a high genetic diversity has been described, whereas a lower genetic diversity is observed on other islands. These results seem to agree with the historical data concerning the introduction of the tick in the Indian Ocean area.
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