Unveiling the Setaria viridis PEPC1 promoter regulatory network in Rice
2023
Carvalho, Pedro
More people to feed, reduced arable area, and more extreme environ mental conditions creates constraints never seen before in agricultural systems. In order to feed the increasing world population, plant yield improvement needs to be achieved. Photosynthesis, a process that is tightly related to plant yield, is limited by the efficiency of Rubisco. This enzyme, responsible for the carbon fixation that ulti mately leads to the production of photoassimilates, is limited by its dual role, working as a carboxylase and an oxygenase. When it works as an oxygenase, it produces 2-phosphoglycolate, which needs to be recycled through a process called photorespiration, leading to CO2 and energy losses. To overcome photorespiration, some plants have evolved carbon concentrating mechanisms that allow the increase of CO2 concentration around Rubisco, thus reducing its oxygenase activity. One such mechanisms is C4 photosynthesis. In most C4 plants, two carboxylation reactions take place in two different cell types, mesophyll and bundle sheath.
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