Addition of Chicken Litter Compost Changes Bacteriobiome in Fallow Soil
2024
Natalia Naumova | Pavel Barsukov | Olga Baturina | Olga Rusalimova | Marsel Kabilov
Composting is an environmentally friendly process, turning animal waste into fertilizer. Chicken litter compost (CLC) improves soil properties, increasing crop yields. However, the CLC effect on the soil microbiome is understudied. This study aimed to compare bacteriobiome diversity in fallow arable Chernozem with and without CLC addition in a field experiment in the Novosibirsk region, Russia, using 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding. <i>Pseudomonadota</i>, <i>Actinomycetota</i> and <i>Acidobacteriota</i> were the most OTU-rich phyla, together accounting for >50% of the total number of sequence reads. CLC-related shifts in the bacteriobiome structure occurred at all taxonomic levels: the <i>Bacillota</i> abundance was 10-fold increased due to increased <i>Bacilli</i>, both being indicator taxa for the CLC-soil. The main <i>Actinomycetota</i> classes were the indicators for the CLC-soil (<i>Actinobacteria</i>) and no-CLC soil (<i>Thermoleophilia</i>, represented <i>Gaiella</i>). Both <i>Bacillota</i> and <i>Actinomycetota</i> phyla were the ultimate constituents of the CLC added, persisting in the soil for five months of fallowing. The no-CLC soil indicator phyla were <i>Acidobacteriota</i> (represented by <i>Acidobacteria</i>_Group3) and <i>Verrucomicrobiota</i>. Future metabarcoding studies of chicken litter application in agricultural soils, including cropped studies, should address the soil microbiome at the species/strain levels in more detail, as well as how it is affected by specific crops, preferably accompanied by a direct methodology revealing the microbiota functions.
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