STUDIES OF CHOSEN TOXIC ELEMENTS CONCENTRATION IN MULTIFLOWER BEE HONEY

<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:PixelsPerInch>72</o:PixelsPerInch> <o:TargetScreenSize>544x376</o:TargetScreenSize> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone> <w:PunctuationKerning /> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables /> <w:SnapToGridInCell /> <w:WrapTextWithPunct /> <w:UseAsianBreakRules /> <w:DontGrowAutofit /> </w:Compatibility> <w:DoNotOptimizeForBrowser /> </w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" LatentStyleCount="156"> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]> <mce:style><! /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:Standardowy; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:#0400; mso-fareast-language:#0400; mso-bidi-language:#0400;} --> <!--[endif] --> <p class="Standard" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt; line-height: 150%;">&nbsp;</p><div style="text-align: -webkit-auto; "><span style="font-size: small;"><div style="mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-width: 498.1pt; mso-element-frame-height: 215.2pt; mso-element-frame-vspace: 3.1pt; mso-element-wrap: auto; mso-element-anchor-vertical: page; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 52.1pt; mso-element-top: 55.55pt; mso-height-rule: exactly;"><table style="height: 295px;" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="664"><tbody><tr><td style="padding-top: 3.1pt; padding-right: 0cm; padding-bottom: 3.1pt; padding-left: 0cm;" height="295" align="left" valign="top"><div style="mso-element: para-border-div; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 2.25pt; padding: 0cm 0cm 1.0pt 0cm;"><p class="Standard" style="text-align: justify; tab-stops: 35.4pt 70.8pt 106.2pt 141.6pt 177.0pt 212.4pt 247.8pt 283.2pt 318.6pt 354.0pt 389.4pt 424.8pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext 2.25pt; padding: 0cm; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 1.0pt 0cm; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-width: 498.1pt; mso-element-frame-height: 215.2pt; mso-element-frame-vspace: 3.1pt; mso-element-wrap: auto; mso-element-anchor-vertical: page; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 52.1pt; mso-element-top: 55.55pt; mso-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; color: windowtext; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: SK;" lang="EN-GB">The aim of the study was to determine the bioaccumulation level of chosen toxic elements (Zn, Cu, Pb, As and Cd) in multiflower honey collected from Brzeg area. Biological material (honey) was mineralized using the microwave technique at an elevated pressure in the microprocessor station of pressure in the type Mars 5. Quantitative analysis of elements (As, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn) was performed by plasma spectrometry method using a Varian ICP-AES apparatus. The presence of toxic elements was determined in examined biological materials. The elements fallowed the fallowing decreasing order with respect to their content of honey: Zn>Cu>Pb>As>Cd. The average concentrations of studied elements observed in multi-flower honey were as follows: 6.24 mg.kg-1 of zinc, 2.75 mg.kg-1 of copper, 0.53, 0.071, 0.042 mg.kg-1of lead, arsenic and cadmium, respectively. Lead was the most problematic in bee honey because its average content exceeded the maximum acceptable concentration. Additionally, this metal concentration was 60% higher in studied samples than allowable standard of lead content.</span></p><p class="Standard" style="text-align: justify; tab-stops: 35.4pt 70.8pt 106.2pt 141.6pt 177.0pt 212.4pt 247.8pt 283.2pt 318.6pt 354.0pt 389.4pt 424.8pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext 2.25pt; padding: 0cm; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 1.0pt 0cm; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-width: 498.1pt; mso-element-frame-height: 215.2pt; mso-element-frame-vspace: 3.1pt; mso-element-wrap: auto; mso-element-anchor-vertical: page; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 52.1pt; mso-element-top: 55.55pt; mso-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; color: windowtext; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: SK;" lang="EN-GB"><span style="color: #111111; font-size: 9px;"><br /><strong>doi:10.5219/134</strong></span></span></p></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></span></div><p>&nbsp;</p>