响应面优化十六烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵改性 蒙脱土脱除玉米油中玉米赤霉烯酮工艺Optimization of zearalenone removal from corn oil by hexadecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride modified montmorillonite using response surface methodology

为提高十六烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵改性蒙脱土（1627-MMT）脱除玉米油中玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEN）的效率，在对比不同改性蒙脱土对玉米油中ZEN脱除效果的基础上，以ZEN吸附脱除率为考察指标，采用单因素实验和响应面实验优化1627-MMT脱除玉米油中ZEN的工艺条件（1627-MMT添加量、吸附时间、吸附温度），并测定脱毒前后玉米油的理化性质及总甾醇和总生育酚含量变化。结果表明：相比其他3种改性蒙脱土，1627-MMT的ZEN脱除效果最佳；1627-MMT脱除玉米油中ZEN的最优工艺条件为1627-MMT添加量5%、吸附温度105 ℃、吸附时间23 min，在此条件下ZEN吸附脱除率为（89.16±0.10）%，脱毒后玉米油中ZEN含量为349.64 μg/kg,符合欧盟标准限量要求（≤400 μg/kg）；脱毒后玉米油的红值下降了72.34%，酸值下降了41.67%，过氧化值下降了42.00%，总甾醇和总生育酚的保留率分别为92.07%和85.34%，脂肪酸组成及含量无明显变化。综上，1627-MMT不仅可有效脱除玉米油中ZEN，还可降低玉米油的酸值、过氧化值及色泽，并对玉米油中的甾醇、生育酚含量及脂肪酸组成影响较小,在玉米油中ZEN 的脱除中具有一定的应用潜力。In order to improve the removal efficiency of zearalenone (ZEN) from corn oil by hexadecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride modified montmorillonite (1627-MMT),on the basis of comparing the removal effects of different modified montmorillonites on ZEN in corn oil, using the removal rate of ZEN as index, the process conditions (1627-MMT dosage, adsorption time and adsorption temperature) of removing ZEN from corn oil by 1627-MMT were optimized by single factor experiment and response surface methodology, and the physicochemical properties of corn oil, contents of total sterol and total tocopherol before and after detoxification were determined.The results showed that compared with the other three modified montmorillonites, 1627-MMT showed the best ZEN removal effect, and the optimal ZEN removal conditions were obtained as follows: 1627-MMT dosage 5%, adsorption temperature 105 ℃, and adsorption time 23 min. Under the optimal conditions, the removal rate of ZEN was (89.16±0.10)%, and ZEN content in corn oil after detoxification was 349.64 μg/kg, meeting the EU standard limit requirements (≤400 μg/kg). After adsorption, the red value of corn oil decreased by 72.34%, the acid value decreased by 41.67%, the peroxide value decreased by 42.00%, the retention rates of total sterol and total tocopherol were 92.07% and 85.34%, respectively, and there was no significant change in the fatty acid composition and content. In conclusion, 1627-MMT can not only effectively remove ZEN from corn oil, but also reduce the acid value, peroxide value and color of corn oil, and have little impact on the contents of sterol and tocopherol and fatty acid composition in corn oil,which has certain application potential in the removal of ZEN from corn oil.