活性炭与树脂对芝麻ACE抑制肽脱苦的工艺优化 及其性能比较Optimization of debittering of sesame ACE inhibitory peptide by activated carbon and resin and their performance comparison

为改善芝麻ACE抑制肽的味道，分别采用活性炭与树脂对芝麻ACE抑制肽进行脱苦，以脱苦率、多肽损失率为评价指标，采用单因素实验和正交实验对两种脱苦工艺条件进行优化，并比较两种脱苦方法对芝麻ACE抑制肽味觉特性、活性及氨基酸组成的影响，以确定最适宜的脱苦方法。结果表明：两种方法均能使芝麻ACE抑制肽液苦味降至无法察觉，活性炭脱苦最佳工艺条件为活性炭2号添加量6%、芝麻ACE抑制肽液质量浓度10 g/100 mL、吸附温度55 ℃、吸附时间15 min，在此条件下脱苦率与多肽损失率分别为（96.46±0.57）%和（29.02±0.19）%（电子舌测定苦味为-0.61±002）；AB-8大孔吸附树脂脱苦最佳工艺条件为树脂添加量12.5%、pH 7、吸附温度35 ℃、吸附时间15 min、芝麻ACE抑制肽液质量浓度10 g/100 mL，在此条件下脱苦率与多肽损失率分别为（9521±093）%和（12.11±0.19）%（苦味为-0.03±0.08）；AB-8大孔吸附树脂脱苦的芝麻ACE抑制肽活性显著强于活性炭脱苦的，这与不同脱苦方法引起的多肽组成差异有关。综合考虑，AB-8大孔吸附树脂可以更好地降低芝麻ACE抑制肽中苦味氨基酸含量，适合用于芝麻ACE抑制肽的脱苦。To improve the taste of sesame ACE inhibitory peptide, activated carbon and resin were used to eliminate the bitterness of sesame ACE inhibitory peptide, and the debittering rate and peptide loss rate were taken as the evaluation indexes, single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment were used to optimize the two debittering process conditions. The suitable debittering method was obtained based on the comparison in taste characterization, sesame ACE inhibitory peptide activity, and amino acid composition between the two debittering methods. The results showed that both methods could reduce the bitterness of sesame ACE inhibitory peptide to imperceptible. The optimal debittering conditions of activated carbon were as follows: addition of activated carbon No.2 6%, sesame ACE inhibitory peptide solution mass concentration 10 g/100 mL, absorption temperature 55 ℃, absorption time 15 min. Under the optimal conditions, the debittering rate and peptide loss rate were (96.46±0.57)% and (29.02±0.19)% (bitterness detected by electronic tongue was -061±0.02). While the debittering rate and peptide loss rate of AB-8 macroporous resin reached (95.21±0.93)% and (12.11±0.19)% (the bitterness was -0.03±008) under the optimal conditions of AB-8 macroporous resin dosage 12.5%, sesame ACE inhibitory peptide solution mass concentration 10 g/100 mL, pH 7, absorption temperature 35 ℃ and absorption time 15 min. The activity of ACE inhibitory peptide debittered by AB-8 macroporous resin was significantly stronger than that debittered by activated carbon, which was related to the difference in peptide composition caused by the debittering methods. Overall, AB-8 macroporous resin adsorption can better reduce the contents of bitter amino acids, and is suitable for sesame ACE inhibitory peptide debittering.