Abnormalities in the KRAS Gene and Treatment Options for NSCLC Patients with the G12C Mutation in This Gene—A Literature Review and Single-Center Experience
2024
Anna K. Rekowska | Piotr Rola | Agnieszka Kwiatkowska | Magdalena Wójcik-Superczyńska | Michał Gil | Paweł Krawczyk | Janusz Milanowski
Mutations in the <i>KRAS</i> gene are among the most common mutations observed in cancer cells, but they have only recently become an achievable goal for targeted therapies. Two <i>KRAS</i> inhibitors, sotorasib and adagrasib, have recently been approved for the treatment of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer with the <i>KRAS</i> G12C mutation, while studies on their efficacy are still ongoing. In this work, we comprehensively analyzed <i>RAS</i> gene mutations’ molecular background, mutation testing, KRAS inhibitors’ effectiveness with an emphasis on non-small cell lung cancer, the impact of <i>KRAS</i> mutations on immunotherapy outcomes, and drug resistance problems. We also summarized ongoing trials and analyzed emerging perspectives on targeting KRAS in cancer patients.
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