Ex Vivo Osteogenesis Induced by Calcium Silicate-Based Cement Extracts
2023
Gabriel Kato | Rita Araújo | Cláudia Rodrigues | Pedro Sousa Gomes | Liliana Grenho | Maria Helena Fernandes
Calcium silicate-based cements are used in a variety of clinical conditions affecting the pulp tissue, relying on their inductive effect on tissue mineralization. This work aimed to evaluate the biological response of calcium silicate-based cements with distinct properties—the fast-setting Biodentine™ and TotalFill<sup>®</sup> BC RRM™ Fast Putty, and the classical slow-setting ProRoot<sup>®</sup> MTA, in an ex vivo model of bone development. Briefly, eleven-day-old embryonic chick femurs were cultured for 10 days in organotypic conditions, being exposed to the set cements’ eluates and, at the end of the culture period, evaluated for osteogenesis/bone formation by combining microtomographic analysis and histological histomorphometric assessment. ProRoot<sup>®</sup> MTA and TotalFill<sup>®</sup> extracts presented similar levels of calcium ions, although significantly lower than those released from Biodentine<sup>TM</sup>. All extracts increased the osteogenesis/tissue mineralization, assayed by microtomographic (BV/TV) and histomorphometric (% of mineralized area; % of total collagen area, and % of mature collagen area) indexes, although displaying distinct dose-dependent patterns and quantitative values. The fast-setting cements displayed better performance than that of ProRoot<sup>®</sup> MTA, with Biodentine<sup>TM</sup> presenting the best performance, within the assayed experimental model.
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