Pepper Plants Harboring <em>L</em> Resistance Alleles Showed Tolerance toward Manifestations of Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus Disease
2022
Or Eldan | Arie Ofir | Neta Luria | Chen Klap | Oded Lachman | Elena Bakelman | Eduard Belausov | Elisheva Smith | Aviv Dombrovsky
The tobamovirus tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) infects tomato plants harboring the <i>Tm-2</i><sup>2</sup> resistance allele, which corresponds with tobamoviruses’ avirulence (<i>Avr</i>) gene encoding the movement protein to activate a resistance-associated hypersensitive response (HR). ToBRFV has caused severe damage to tomato crops worldwide. Unlike tomato plants, pepper plants harboring the <i>L</i> resistance alleles, which correspond with the tobamovirus <i>Avr</i> gene encoding the coat protein, have shown HR manifestations upon ToBRFV infection. We have found that ToBRFV inoculation of a wide range of undefined pepper plant varieties could cause a “hypersensitive-like cell death” response, which was associated with ToBRFV transient systemic infection dissociated from disease symptom manifestations on fruits. Susceptibility of pepper plants harboring <i>L</i><sup>1</sup>, <i>L</i><sup>3</sup>, or <i>L</i><sup>4</sup> resistance alleles to ToBRFV infection following HRs was similarly transient and dissociated from disease symptom manifestations on fruits. Interestingly, ToBRFV stable infection of a pepper cultivar not harboring the <i>L</i> gene was also not associated with disease symptoms on fruits, although ToBRFV was localized in the seed epidermis, parenchyma, and endothelium, which borders the endosperm, indicating that a stable infection of maternal origin of these tissues occurred. Pepper plants with systemic ToBRFV infection could constitute an inoculum source for adjacently grown tomato plants.
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