Inheritance of Early Stomatal Closure Trait in Soybean: Ellis × N09-13890 Population

Drought conditions exhibit various physiological and morphological changes in crops and thus reduce crop growth and yield. In order to mitigate the negative impacts of drought stress on soybean (<i>Glycine max</i> L. Merr.) production, identification and selection of genotypes that are best adapted to limited water availability in a specific environmental condition can be an effective strategy. This study aimed to assess the inheritance of early stomatal closure traits in soybeans using a population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between N09-13890 and Ellis. Thirty soybean lines were subjected to progressive water-deficit stress using a dry-down experiment. The experiment was conducted from June to November 2022 at the West Tennessee Research and Education Center (WTREC), University of Tennessee in Jackson, TN, under controlled environment conditions. This study identified significant differences among soybean lines in their early stomatal closure thresholds. The fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW) thresholds among 30 tested lines ranged from 0.18 to 0.80, at which the decline in transpiration with soil drying was observed. Almost 65% of the RILs had FTSW threshold values between 0.41 to 0.80. These results, indicating inheritance, are supportive of the expression of early stomatal closure trait in progeny lines at a high level in cultivar development for water-deficit stress conditions. Thus, identifying the differences in genotypes of water use and their response to water-deficit stress conditions can provide a foundation for selecting new cultivars that are best adapted to arid and semi-arid agricultural production systems.