Influence of seasonality on the targeted phytoconstituents of Moringa oleifera Lam. bark, a potent source of phytonutrients, collected from upper Gangetic plains, India
2024
Tara Singh Farswan | Babita Kumari | M M Pandey | Subha Rastogi
Moringa oleifera, drumstick tree, found in tropical and subtropical regions all across the world excepting frigid areas, is native to India. Different environmental conditions and seasons affect the chemical makeup of plants. The present study evaluated the methanol, 50% methanol and aqueous extracts of Moringa bark collected during five Indian calendar-based seasons for gallic acid, ellagic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid and quercetin using HPTLC. As a reaction to seasonal fluctuations, TPC and TFC were highest in the methanolic extract of winter season (392 ± 5.03 mg GAE/g and 7.15 ± 0.06 mg QE/g respectively), which also exhibited the maximum oxidative quenching activity with IC50 against DPPH, NO and SO radicals being 147.3 ± 1.32, 67.55 ± 0.70 and 85.46 ± 0.76 µg/ml respectively. The highest total antioxidant capacity using phosphomolybdate assay (87.74 ± 0.23 µg AAE/mg) was also exhibited by the same. The content of quercetin (4.68 µg/mg) and ellagic acid (3.66 µg/mg) were highest in August (rainy season) and in November (autumn season) respectively. Overall, the seasonal pattern for polyphenolic concentration was: winter > autumn > rainy > spring > summer. The most advised harvesting seasons for the bark of M. oleifera is, thus, winter followed by autumn.
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