Optimization of shoot apex based cotton regeneration system
2010
R.Pushpa and T.S.Raveendran
Cotton (Gossypium spp.) belonging to the genus Gossypium in the family Malvaceae. Cotton is an important fibre cropof global importance. It is grown in tropical and subtropical regions of more than 80 countries with an annualproduction of 20 million tonnes. It is an important source of oil and high quality protein meal and plays a significantrole in the national economy. Among the cotton producing countries, India has the distinction of having the largestcotton growing area in the world with all four cultivated species under cultivation. The recalcitrance of cotton toregeneration through somatic embryogenesis has slowed down the development of transgenic cottons. Hence alternatestrategies to obtain transgenic cotton via organogenesis in some varieties have been taken up. A direct shootregeneration protocol was optimized for three cultivars of cotton Coker310, MCU-5, SVPR-2. Shoot apex fromvigorous seedlings were placed in six different shoot apex media composition for shoot development. The efficiency ofshoot development was higher when the shoot apices were cultured on SAM1 (MS+ 0.1 mg/l kinetin) irrespective of thegenotypes. The nine day-old explants had a significant effect on shoot development. Among the different Regenerationmedia tried, the best rooting response was observed on RM2 (MS+ 0.1 mg/l GA3 + 1.0 mg/l IAA).
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