Klimatet i svensk tidningsmedia : - en diskursanalys över klimatrapporteringen i samband med COP21

I denna studie har en analys av svensk tidningsmedias representation av klimatfrågan genomförts. Genom en kritisk diskursanalys har tidningsartiklar, från tre olika tidningar, studerats för att undersöka hur tidningarna representerat klimatfrågan och varför det är viktigt hur tidningarna representerar klimatfrågan. Studien har även undersökt om antalet artiklar ökar i samband med COP21(Conference of Parties) i Paris under slutet av 2015, vilket även är studiens hypotes. I studien har en kvalitativ och en kvantitativ analys genomförts, utifrån dessa har olika diskurser identifierats i materialet. I studien identifierades tre större diskurser som dominerar studiens område, “Global uppvärmning som problem”, “Klimatet kräver förändrat beteende och livsstil” samt “Klimatet som kostnadsfråga”. I materialet kunde även några artiklar identifieras som faller in under en diskurs som identifierades av Anshelm (2012) “Den industriella fatalismen”. I studien kunde även en framtida diskurs identifieras, “Klimatflyktingar”, som anses vara på uppgång. Detta antas då antalet klimatflyktingar bara kommer att öka med åren som följd till klimatförändringarna. Utifrån studien kan man konstatera att medias representation av klimatfrågan är viktig för att allmänheten ska få en bra bild över omvärlden och pågående klimatförändringar. Man kan även se att media beskriver klimatfrågan främst som ett globalt miljöproblem och sambandet med COP21 påverkar antalet artiklar.

In this study, an analysis of the Swedish newspaper media's representation of the climate issue have been done. Through a critical discourse analysis, newspaper articles, from three different newspapers, have been studied to examine how newspapers represented the climate issue and why it is important how the newspapers represent the climate issue. The newspapers that have been studied are Svenska Dagbladet, Expressen and Norrköping´s Tidningar. These papers provide a broad picture of the Swedish newspaper media and represent different levels, a daily newspaper, a tabloid and a local newspaper. The study also investigated whether the number of articles increases during COP21 (Conference of Parties) in Paris in November/December 2015. The study's hypothesis is that the number of newspapers that represent the climate issue is increasing in the context of a climate event, where the selected climatic event for this study is the COP21. The critical discourse analysis leans against Faircloughs three-dimensional model as a tool to be able to make a critical discourse analysis. In the study a qualitative and quantitative analysis has been carried out. Based on these analysis, different discourses were identified in the material. The material consisted of 90 articles, 71 from Svenska Dagbladet, 13 from Expressen and 6 from Norrköping's Tidningar. The quantitative analysis examined the recurring concepts and how often the concepts reappeared in these articles and the qualitative analysis studied including the voices highlighted in the articles. This study identified three major discourses that dominate the study area, "Global warming as a problem," "The climate requires changes in behaviour and lifestyle," and "The climate as a cost issue." In the material, some items could also be identified which fall into a discourse identified by Anshelm (2012) "The industrial fatalism". In the study, a future discourse could also be identified, "Climate Refugees", which is considered to be on the rise. This is assumed as the number of climate refugees will only increase over the years as a result of climate change. From the study it can be concluded that the media's representation of the climate issue is important for the public to get a good picture of the outside world and ongoing climate change. One can see that the media mainly produces climate change as a global environmental problem, but also as an economic and social problems. Two aspects of the social problem are that we both need to change our behaviour, but also that women and the poor are most vulnerable and most affected by climate change. One can also see that a climate event, like COP21 affect the media's coverage of climate issues, providing an increased number of articles during the period of the event.