Veterinary pharmaceuticals and feed additives influencing effective immunity in chickens induced by live bacterial or protozoan vaccines
2014
Use of live vaccines against colibacillosis, mycoplasmosis, and coccidiosis has been increasing in the poultry industry in Japan. These live vaccines can induce protective immunity in chickens after or during the infection including colonization or proliferation in hosts. Veterinary pharmaceuticals and feed additives are used as alternative strategies to prevent infectious diseases or to increase chicken production. However, their ingredients also inhibit vaccine strains as well as field strains of the pathogens and can thus influence the development of protective immunity. Therefore, it is important to understand well the characteristics of pharmaceuticals including live vaccines and feed additives. This review summarizes veterinary pharmaceuticals and feed additives that can influence the effects of the live vaccines.
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