Present situation on major non-infectious diseases in the field of poultry industry
2016
Economic damage due to Non-Infectious Diseases (NID) was extensive in the poultry industry. The aim of this article was to review the knowledge of NID obtained from the last ten years. First, NIDs were listed, and then each disease was classified according to major causative factors. NID was mainly caused by management failure (including hatchery practice) or environmental factors, metabolic abnormalities, vaccination, genetic factors, oversupply or deficiency of nutritional or chemical ingredients, toxins, and undefined factors. From the recent data in some surveillance reports, Ascites and spondylolisthesis were suspected to be the most important NIDs in the broiler industry. Other comparatively significant NIDs (sudden death syndrome, hypoglycemia or spiking mortality syndrome, amyloidosis, and hepatic protoporphyrin accumulation) observed or reported recently in Japanese broilers were also summarized. Additionally, NID (fatty liver and hemorrhagic syndrome, and urate deposition or gout) recently reported from layer hens were referenced briefly. It was also reported recently that some NIDs would be associated with infectious agents. Further study is thus required to clarify the cause of diseases, process of disease development, and methodology for disease control. To advance the research and reduce economic damage, the existing research system must be essentially consolidated by cooperation among the poultry industry, national and local governments, and veterinary educational organizations.
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