Serological evidence of infection with rodent-borne hepatitis E virus HEV-C1 or antigenically related virus in humans
2016
Shimizu, K. (Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido (Japan). Department of Microbiology) | Hamaguchi, S. | Ngo, C.C. | Li, T.C. | Ando, S. | Yoshimatsu, K. | Yasuda, S.P. | Koma, T. | Isozumi, R. | Tsuda, Y. | Fujita, H. | Pham, T.T. | Le, M.Q. | Dang, A.D. | Nguyen, T.Q. | Yoshida, L.M. | Ariyoshi, K. | Arikawa, J.
Zoonotic potential of a rat-derived hepatitis E virus (HEV), designated as HEV-C1, remains unknown. To evaluate the risk for HEV-C1 infection in humans, paired sera of 208 hospitalized febrile patients collected from 2001 to 2003 in Hanoi, Vietnam, were examined for IgG antibodies to HEV-C1 and genotype 1 HEV (HEV-1), which is common in humans. IgG antibodies to virus-like particles (VLPs) of HEV-C1 and/or HEV-1 were detected from 99 of the 208 convalescent sera in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). IgG antibody titers to HEV-C1 antigen in 3 of the 99 sera were more than 8-fold higher than those to HEV-1 antigen. IgM antibodies to HEV-C1 antigen were detected in acute sera from 2 of the 3 patients in ELISA and Western blotting. However, no HEV genome was detected. Clinical information was available for 1 of the 2 patients. Hepatic enzymes, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, were mildly elevated (156 IU/l and 68 IU/l, respectively), and hepatomegaly was detected by ultrasonography. The patient recovered from the illness after 17 days. These results indicated that HEV-C1 or its variants infect humans in Vietnam and may cause acute febrile illness with mild liver dysfunction.
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