High-yielding intensive production system in early-sown winter wheat
2019
Tanio, M. (Central Region Agricultural Research Center, NARO (Japan)) | Watanabe, K. | Nakazono, K. | Uchino, A. | Mizumoto, A.
It is important to increase the yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Japan. To develop a high-yielding wheat production system in the warm Tokai region, we analyzed the effects of rolling, the plant growth regulator ethephon, and the foliar fungicide metconazole under a high nitrogen condition on the agronomic characteristics and grain quality of early-sown 'Satonosora' winter wheat in 2016-17 and 2017-18. Early sowing of winter wheat avoided both frost injury in early spring and preharvest sprouting in the rainy season. Rolling at the spikelet differentiation stage reduced lodging without shortening culm length, and ethephon at the start of heading reduced lodging by shortening culm length; rolling plus ethephon reduced lodging the most. Metconazole at both the third-leaf-below-flag-leaf and flag-leaf stages reduced foliar disease. The effect of rolling on yield varied with the year (probably with soil moisture condition). Ethephon and metconazole did not affect yield, probably because lodging and disease were mild. The combination of rolling, ethephon, and metconazole produced 750 g /square m in 2016-17 and 676 g / square m in 2017-18, and the grain satisfied most standard values for noodle quality. Large-plot experiments confirmed the high yield and quality. The results show that this system for the intensive production of early-sown winter wheat achieves high productivity and quality in the warm Tokai region of Japan.
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