Impacts of two types of water-saving irrigation system on greenhouse gas emission reduction and rice yield in paddy fields in the Mekong Delta
2016
Taminato, T. (Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki (Japan)) | Matsubara, E.
Methane (CH4) generated from paddy fields accounts for about 25% of total greenhouse gas emissions (measured in carbon dioxide equivalents) in Vietnam. Therefore, balancing rice production levels and CH4 emission reduction is an important issue for Vietnam. We performed rice cultivation experiments in the Mekong Delta by using two types of water-saving irrigation, or alternate wetting and drying (AWD) irrigation: one is recommended by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI-AWD) and the other is customarily used by farmers (FAWD). Both irrigation systems successfully reduced year-round CH4 emissions without decreasing rice yields. In the dry season, there was a strong correlation between total CH4 emission and the number of cumulative days on which water levels were below the paddy-field soil surface. Farmers preferred FAWD to IRRI-AWD because of its simplicity. Therefore, we intend to establish methods for measuring, reporting, and evaluating CH4 emission reduction by FAWD and to utilize them in CH4 reduction measures formulated by the Vietnamese Government and the Joint Crediting Mechanism between Vietnam and Japan. Through this, we will be able to encourage the widespread use of FAWD and thus to CH4 emission reduction.
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