OPTIMIZATION OF SOYBEAN PROTECTION AGAINST SEED AND SOIL INFECTIONS IN THE SOUTH OF THE NON-BLACK EARTH REGION
2024
Budarina, G.A.
The article reflects the results of three-year research to determine the effectiveness of biopreparations and their complex application with fungicides in the fight against major diseases of soybean. As a result of researches high (100%) against pathogenic (Fusarium spp.) and saprotrophic (Alternaria spp., Mucor spp., Penicillium spp.) mycoflora of seeds and root rots biological efficiency of pre-sowing treatment of soybean with Heraklion, KS, in full and reduced by 50.0% application rate in combination with biopreparations Vitaplan, SP and Trichocin, SP was revealed. These methods allow to remove the inhibitory effect of fungicide on sowing qualities of soybean, increasing germination energy by 3.8; 3.1%, laboratory germination - by 1.1; 3.8% compared to the chemical preparation Heracleon, KS, reduce the development of root rots by 52.2; 55.2% in the phase of budding, by 47.6; 56.7% in the phase “fruiting - bulking”, increase yield by 10.7%. Efficiency (97.0; 39.7%) and possibility of using Vitaplan, SP and Trichocin, SP biopreparations for treatment of soybean seeds and crops against peronosporosis at low and medium level of disease development were shown. Ecological significance of the studied biopreparations and prospectivity of their double application on soybean in complex with fungicide Vendetta, KS, 0.4l/t, providing maximum (effect. 82.0; 83.6% - flowering; 49.6; 57.4% - fruit formation) protection of crops from peronosporosis and preservation of 0.3 t/ha or 10.7% of yield on average for 3 years.
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