One-Week Scutellar Somatic Embryogenesis in the Monocot Brachypodium distachyon
2022
Wehbi, Houssein | Soulhat, Camille | Morin, Halima | Bendahmane, Abdelhafid | Hilson, Pierre | Bouchabké-Coussa, Oumaya | Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin - Sciences du végétal (IJPB) ; AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Institut des Sciences des Plantes de Paris-Saclay (IPS2 (UMR_9213 / UMR_1403)) ; Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB) Plant Observatory technological platforms | Municipality of Noumeirieh, Lebanon | ANR-17-EURE-0007,SPS-GSR,Ecole Universitaire de Recherche de Sciences des Plantes de Paris-Saclay(2017) | ANR-19-CE20-0023,NECTAR,L'étude du développement des nectaires et la sécrétion du nectar pour l'amélioration de la survie des insectes pollinisateurs et la pollinisation chez les cucurbitacées(2019)
International audience
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]anglais. Plant somatic embryogenesis (SE) is a natural process of vegetative propagation. It can be induced in tissue cultures to investigate developmental transitions, to create transgenic or edited lines, or to multiply valuable crops. We studied the induction of SE in the scutellum of monocots with Brachypodium distachyon as a model system. Towards the in-depth analysis of SE initiation, we determined the earliest stages at which somatic scutellar cells acquired an embryogenic fate, then switched to a morphogenetic mode in a regeneration sequence involving treatments with exogenous hormones: first an auxin (2,4-D) then a cytokinin (kinetin). Our observations indicated that secondary somatic embryos could already develop in the proliferative calli derived from immature zygotic embryo tissues within one week from the start of in vitro culture. Cell states and tissue identity were deduced from detailed histological examination, and in situ hybridization was performed to map the expression of key developmental genes. The fast SE induction method we describe here facilitates the mechanistic study of the processes involved and may significantly shorten the production of transgenic or gene-edited plants.
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