Pospiviroidae and potato virus M co-infections in solanaceous ornamentals: an update
2024
Chofong, Gilbert Nchongboh | Maaß, Christina | Zimmermann, Elke | Schuhmann, Sabine | Wassenegger, M. | Krczal, G. | Richert-Pöggeler, Katja R.
The devastating effects of viruses or viroids are clearly illustrated by a symptomatic phenotype. Invasion of new host plants, climatic change and changes in plant production and distribution can have a major impact on symptomatic outbreaks of otherwise latent viruses and viroids. The latter are small, naked single-stranded, circular RNA molecules (239-401nt) with no known coding capacity. For pospiviroids, replication is by a rolling-circle mechanism in the host nucleus. Mechanical inoculation, grafting, and foliar contact between neighbouring plants are efficient means of viroid transmission. Seed transmission and pollen-borne transmission of potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd), the type member of Pospiviroidae, has been reported in tomato. Viruses and viroids may share the same niches for accessing host metabolic pathways to achieve their replication cycle. We used a microscopic-molecular biology approach to gain first insights into the dynamics and plasticity of viroid-virus interactions in solanaceous hosts during latency. We analysed asymptomatic Solanum jasminoides co-infected with a Carlavirus and various pospiviroids. The Carlavirus potato virus M (PVM) was endemic in the tested S. jasminoides. The amplification level of PVM appears to be modulated depending on which viroid is present. Molecular biology observation of naturally infected samples has shown that after eradication of PSTVd in S. jasminoides, plants showed infection by TASVd or CEVd (detected by RT-PCR). This finding poses the intriguing question on the source of TASVd and CEVd inoculum.
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Editeur ISHS Secretariat, International Society for Horticultural Science (ISHS)
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