大食物观下油料油脂产业链韧性 提升的现实挑战与路径Resilience enhancement of the oilseeds and fats industry chain under all-encompassing approach to food: Realistic challenges and paths

旨在保障油料油脂供应链安全和促进油料油脂产业健康发展，基于生产、贸易、跨境物流、加工等环节视角，重点分析了大食物观下油料油脂产业链韧性提升面临的挑战，并提出建议。结果发现：生产方面，我国油料油脂产业链韧性提升面临大宗植物油料种植面积波动较大、单产提升缓慢，小品种植物油料缺乏良种、价格高，动物油脂的原料成本高、品质参差不齐；贸易方面，我国油料油脂的进口依存度高，进口来源国家高度集中；物流方面，我国油料油脂跨境物流供应链存在一定脆弱性；加工方面，我国油脂加工领域存在外资占比过高、产能长期过剩、自主创新后劲不足等问题。据此，提出高质量发展多元化本土油料资源供给体系、夯实抵御国内外冲击的基础，实施进口多元化战略、缓释跨境物流供应链脆弱性，发挥龙头企业引领作用、增强产业链更新能力等政策建议。In order to ensure the security of the oilseeds and fats supply chain and promote the healthy development of the oilseeds and fats industry, based on the perspective of production, trade, cross-border logistics and processing, the challenges to enhance the resilience of the oilseeds and fats industry chain under all-encompassing approach to food were analyzed, and the suggestions were proposed. Research has found that in terms of production, the resilience improvement of China′s oilseeds and fats industry chain faces significant fluctuations in the planting area of bulk plant oilseeds, slow increase in unit yield, lack of high-quality seeds and high prices for small variety plant oilseeds, and high raw material costs and uneven quality of animal oils. In terms of trade, China has a high dependence on the import of oilseeds and fats, and the source countries of imports are highly concentrated. In terms of logistics, there are certain vulnerabilities in the cross-border logistics supply chain of oilseeds and fats in China. In terms of processing, there are issues such as a high proportion of foreign investment, long-term overcapacity, and insufficient momentum for independent innovation in China′s oilseeds and fats processing industry. Policy suggestions are put forward such as developing a diversified local oilseeds resource supply system with high quality to consolidate the foundation of resisting domestic and international shocks, implementing import diversification strategy to ease the vulnerability of cross-border logistics supply chain, and playing the leading role of leading enterprises to enhance the ability of industry chain renewal.