Pepsin and Trypsin Treatment Combined with Carvacrol: An Efficient Strategy to Fight Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis Biofilms
2023
Mechmechani, Samah | Gharsallaoui, Adem | Karam, Layal | El Omari, Khaled | Fadel, Alexandre | Hamze, Monzer | Chihib, Nour-Eddine | Lebanese German University (LGU) | Unité Matériaux et Transformations - UMR 8207 (UMET) ; Centrale Lille-Institut de Chimie - CNRS Chimie (INC-CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Laboratoire d'automatique, de génie des procédés et de génie pharmaceutique (LAGEPP) ; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) ; Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Supérieure de Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon (CPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Qatar University | الجامعة اللبنانية [بيروت] = Lebanese University [Beirut] = Université libanaise [Beyrouth] (LU / ULB)
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Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]anglais. Biofilms consist of microbial communities enclosed in a self-produced extracellular matrix which is mainly responsible of biofilm virulence. Targeting this matrix could be an effective strategy to control biofilms. In this work, we examined the efficacy of two proteolytic enzymes, pepsin and trypsin, to degrade P. aeruginosa and E. faecalis biofilms and their synergistic effect when combined with carvacrol. The minimum dispersive concentrations (MDCs) and the contact times of enzymes, as well as the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and contact times of carvacrol, were determined against biofilms grown on polystyrene surfaces. For biofilms grown on stainless steel surfaces, the combined pepsin or trypsin with carvacrol treatment showed more significant reduction of both biofilms compared with carvacrol treatment alone. This reduction was more substantial after sequential treatment of both enzymes, followed by carvacrol with the greatest reduction of 4.7 log CFU mL−1 (p < 0.05) for P. aeruginosa biofilm and 3.3 log CFU mL−1 (p < 0.05) for E. faecalis biofilm. Such improved efficiency was also obvious in the epifluorescence microscopy analysis. These findings demonstrate that the combined effect of the protease-dispersing activity and the carvacrol antimicrobial activity could be a prospective approach for controlling P. aeruginosa and E. faecalis biofilms.
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