The effect of mixed crops on tomato yield.
2023
Amongst the widespread methods of promoting sustainable development of agriculture, the production of mixed crops of „companion plants”, is one of the important methods to be considered. This method takes into account allelopathic influences, during which biologically active substances, produced by „companion plants”, are used as growth regulators, insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, etc. to control the growth and development of plants. In a mixed crop of tomatoes (Lycopersicon L.), taking into account the principles of allelopathy, we selected as „companion plants” both vegetable crops (black radish (Raphanus sativus var. niger (L.) J. Kern, garden leek (Allium porrum L.) and aromatic peticidal plants (marigold (Tagetes patula L.), valerian (Valeriana officinalis L.), nasturtium (Tropaeolum L.), calendula (Calendula officinalis L, Basil (Ocimum L.). It was established, that in the mixed crop of tomatoes, radishes and leeks, the process of assimilation of nutrients is improved, and „guard” plants exhibit both insecticidal and antimicrobial activity and limit not only the spread of harmful insects, but also the development of diseases, caused by pathogenic microorganisms. As a result, in a mixed crop of tomatoes, the amount of harvest increases by 28.5% compared to the yield, obtained in a pure crop of tomatoes (only tomatoes). And if we use biopreparations in the mixed crop at the same time, the growth rate reaches 73.2%. Tab. 3, Fig. 7, Ref. 4.
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Editeur Georgian Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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