Respuesta del zacate buffel a dos ambientes de suelo proveniente de isla de fertilidad y área adyacente de Larrea.

"Los objetivos del presente estudio fueron: determinar las propiedades físico-químicas del suelo de la isla de fertilidad, el área adyacente de un matorral de gobernadora y evaluar la respuesta productiva que tiene el zacate buffel T-3686, en ambos tipos de ambiente. Se colectaron muestras de O - 10 y de 10 - 25 cm de profundidad, tanto en la isla de fertilidad como en el área adyacente, posteriormente se realizaron pruebas de laboratorio antes y después de la siembra del pasto con la finalidad de conocer la propiedades físico-químicas de cada ambiente de suelo. Los resultados obtenidos antes de la siembra del pasto indicaron que los valores de materia orgánica (MO), nitrógeno total (N), fósforo aprovechable (P) y la conductividad eléctrica (CE) fueron más altos en la profundidad de O - 10 cm del suelo proveniente de la isla de fertilidad, mientras que los contenidos de potasio intercambiable (K), pH y textura fueron similares en la profundidad de O - 10 cm en ambos ambientes de suelo. En el suelo después de la siembra del zacate, los valores de MO y N resultaron iguales, encontrando un descenso del P, K y la CE, en tanto que el pH aumentó en la profundidad de O - 10 cm en la isla de fertilidad. Por otra parte bajó el contenido de limo, a la vez que el porcentaje de arcilla aumentó, mientras que la proporción de arena permaneció igual. Por otro lado, en los dos tipos de suelo mencionados, la respuesta productiva del pasto buffel a nivel de invernadero durante tres etapas fenológicas, mostró que el peso total de la fitomasa y de los componentes morfológicos del rendimiento, resultaron diferentes solamente en la etapa de madurez fisiológica, a excepción del peso de la raíz el cual fue igual entre la isla de fertilidad y el área adyacente durante las tres etapas bajo estudio."

"The objectives of this study were determined the physical and chemical soil properties from the island fertility and adjacent area of the creosotebush communities, and to evaluate the response of yield components of buffelgrass T-3686 from both soil environments. From each soil environment, two set of soil samples were taken (O - 10 cm and 10 -25 cm soil depth) and their physical and chemical soil properties were analized before the buffelgrass was at the end of this research. The results before buffelgrass was seeded shown that the organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P) and electrical conductivity (EC) get the higher values at O - 10 cm soil depht in the island fertility; however exchangeable potash (K+), pH and texture get similar results in the O - 10 cm soil depth in both soil environments. The soil set samples taken at the end of this research shown that the concentrate ion of OM and total N values were the same, however available P, exchangeable and EC values decreased while pH increased at O - 10 cm soil depth from island fertile. On the other hand, the loam content was lower, while clay was higher, in the meantime the content of sand was not modified. Buffelgrass yield responded in greenhouse to the soil environment during three phenological phases shown that dry matter partitioning and total dry matter were different only at physiological maturity phase of the buffelgrass, but root weigth was the same between island fertility and adjacent area on the three phenological phases. On the other hand, buffelgrass grown in the island fertility increased the caryopsis weight. The mean tillers number was the same in both soil environments, while lateral tillers number and green leaves were greater in the island fertility than the adjacent area. The aboye ground/below ground ratio was greater in the panicle release phase, while leaves/culms ratio was greater in the tillering phase than any other. The leaf area index was greater in the plants grown in the fertile ¡stand during the physiological maturity phase. In the overall harvest index (HI) were the same in both soil environments, neverthless seed harvest index was greater in fertile island than in the soil adjacent area. The absolute growth rate (AGR) of total leaves showed an ascendent tendency until panicle release phase, but this decreased during the physiological maturity phase, while culms AGR was greater during physiological maturity phase. In general the AGR was higher in plants grown in the soil fertile island than from soil the adjacent area."