DYNAMICS AND INTENSITY OF PRODUCTION PROCESS OF SOYBEAN VARIETIES UNDER THE USE OF BIOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS

In the course of growth, the hereditary program of shape formation is implemented, which determines the intensity of biomass accumulation by plants. Growth is a leading physiological process, on the scale and intensity of which it is possible to judge the specific implementation of the yield program. The study of dynamics and intensity of growth processes when using growth regulators in the conditions of a certain soil and climatic zone is relevant, as it allows us to assess the potential productivity of new soybean varieties. In 2021-2023, new soybean varieties were studied in the field experiment: the indeterminant varieties Slava and Leader 10, and the determinant variety Orlea. The experiments included the following variants: 1. control (c), 2. inoculation (in), 3. humifulin treatment (h), 4. inoculation and humifulin treatment (in + h). It was revealed: growth regulators had a positive effect on plants of soybean varieties during vegetation, the maximum effect was observed during the period of generative development. The reaction of soybean varieties to the applied preparations is different. The greatest increase in the studied indicators was observed in the variety Slava in the variant with humifulin during vegetation, in the variety Leader 10 - in the joint application of inoculation and humifulin in the fruiting phase, in the variety Orleya - in the budding phase with humifulin treatment, in the fruiting phase with simultaneous use of inoculation and humifulin. The most active growth processes, intensive dry matter accumulation and maximum response to growth regulators in the early ripening variety Orleya were observed in the vegetative phase, in the medium-ripening variety Leader 10 - in the generative period. The variety Leader 10 has the maximum of the studied varieties dry above- ground mass 28.8 g/plant, underground mass 3.1 g/plant, intensity of the production process of above-ground mass 1014.2 mg/day/plant and underground mass 100.4 mg/day/plant. Adaptive reactions of soybean plants were manifested under the influence of weather conditions. Under limited moisture availability, the mass of leaves and roots and their share in the total plant mass, as well as the intensity of the production process increased. A positive relationship was established between the intensity of the production process and grain weight both in the budding and fruiting phases at the average level of r=0.450-0.645