11款市售葵花籽油产品品质分析Quality analysis of 11 commercial sunflower seed oil products

为全面评估我国葵花籽油产品质量，给产品开发、精炼加工和消费者选购提供参考，采集了7个品牌11款葵花籽油产品，分析了其基础理化品质（酸值和过氧化值）、营养素（维生素E、植物甾醇、角鲨烯）含量、危害物（反式脂肪酸、多环芳烃、苯并\[a\]芘、3-氯丙醇酯、缩水甘油酯）水平以及风味特性。结果表明：不同葵花籽油产品间酸值和过氧化值存在明显差异，但均符合国家标准限量要求；维生素E和植物甾醇是葵花籽油的主要营养素，维生素E含量均值为75.45 mg/100 g(以α-生育酚当量计)，植物甾醇含量均值为4 040.00 mg/kg，另外，角鲨烯含量均值为127.40 mg/kg；所有葵花籽油产品反式脂肪酸含量均小于0.30 g/100 mL，满足零反式脂肪酸宣称要求；11款葵花籽油产品苯并\[a\]芘含量符合国家标准；11款葵花籽油产品多环芳烃和3-氯丙醇酯含量均低于欧盟标准限量要求，但缩水甘油酯含量存在一定超标风险；风味属性方面，有4款葵花籽油产品具有明显风味，以熟瓜子味、焦煳味和咸鲜味为主。综上，市售葵花籽油产品质量、安全性较好，但各品牌工厂精炼水平和危害物控制能力存在差异，同时不少品牌开始推出风味葵花籽油产品。In order to comprehensively evaluate the quality of sunflower seed oil products in China, and provide reference for product development, refining and purchasing, 11 sunflower seed oil products from 7 brands were collected, and their basic physicochemical properties (acid value and peroxide value), nutrient (vitamin E, phytosterol, squalene) content, hazard (trans fatty acid, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, benzo\[a\]pyrene, 3-chloropropanol ester, and glycidyl ester) levels and flavor characteristics were analyzed. The results showed that there were obvious differences in acid value and peroxide value among different products, but they all met the limit requirements of national standard. Vitamin E and phytosterol were the main nutrients of sunflower seed oil. The average contents of vitamin E and phytosterol were 75.45 mg α-TE/100 g and 4 040.00 mg/kg, respectively. The average content of squalene was 127.40 mg/kg. All products had a trans fatty acid content of less than 0.30 g/100 mL, meeting the requirement of zero trans fatty acid claim. The benzo \[a\] pyrene content in the 11 products met the national standard. The contents of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and 3-chloropropanol ester in 11 products were lower than the EU standard limit requirements, but there was a certain risk of excessive glycidyl ester content. In terms of flavor attributes, four products have distinct flavors, mainly characterized by cooked sunflower seed flavor, burnt flavor and salty freshness.In summary, the quality and safety of sunflower seed oil products available on the market are relatively good, but there are differences in the refining levels and hazard control capabilities among various brands′ factories. At the same time, many brands have begun to introduce flavored sunflower seed oil products.