Influence of the Sowing Method, Sowing Time and Seeding Depth on the Development Phases of Sunflower Plants
2025
Elnara Nazaraliyeva | Gunel Ramazanova | Gulnara Abbasova
The aim of this research is to investigate the effects of sowing method, sowing time, and sowing the seed depth on the developmental phases of the sunflower plant. The study examines the impact of different sowing times, methods, and seeding depths on sunflower yield. The experiments, conducted as both laboratory and field trials, were carried out at the experimental farm of ASAU between 2020 and 2022. Before planting sunflowers, it is essential to understand the fundamental agricultural practices related to seed sowing and plant care. When comparing the ridge sowing and flat surface sowing methods for each sowing time, it was observed that the flowering phase was completed3–9 days earlier in the ridge sowing treatments. The study revealed that the optimal sowing time for sunflower development is April 15, the most effective sowing method is ridge sowing, and the ideal seed burial depth is 6–8 cm. In these conditions, sunflower development phases progressed 2–3 days faster compared to other treatments. The results also demonstrated that early or late sowing had no favorable effect on the initiation and duration of sunflower developmental phases. If sowing is not carried out at the optimal time, sunflower growth slows down. This is because late sowing exposes plants to high temperatures during critical growth periods, while early sowing occurs in colder soil layers, limiting the efficient utilization of nutrients, moisture, and sunlight. Consequently, plant development weakens, and the vegetation period is prolonged.
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