Clinical and diagnostic study of the Contagious Ecthyma in Dromedary Camels of Basrah, Iraq
2023
Ali Jarad
Contagious ecthyma is an important viral disease infect animals' skin mostly small ruminants, it could infect other ruminants with a zoonotic pattern. In dromedary camels of Basrah province, Contagious ecthyma was detected and diagnosed. Seventy-eight local dromedary breeds, 2-6 years old show clinical manifestations of Anorexia and difficulty grazing, lesions of Contagious ecthyma appear as papules, vesicles, and scabs located at the upper and lower parts of the lips, commeasure and /or around the mouth, Furthermore, Lesions in the form of Fissures with lips edema was also detected on diseased camels. Twenty, clinically healthy dromedaries served as controls. The infection was confirmed using the PCR technique. Blood parameters with acute phase response have been also evaluated. Results indicated that diseased camels show different clinical manifestations belonging to contagious ecthyma with a significant increase in body temperature, heart and respiratory rate, Moreover, Leukocytosis due to lymphocytosis was detected in infected dromedaries. a significant increase in ESR was detected in infected dromedaries compared with controls. Results referred to an increase in haptoglobin and Fibrinogen in diseased dromedaries with contagious ecthyma compared to controls. The contagious ecthyma of camels was still circulating in Iraqi areas, where appropriate preventive measures must be taken to prevent the spread of disease among camel herds and reduce the resulting economic losses.
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