Caracterización del porcentaje del centro blanco y su presencia a lo largo de la panícula en cultivares de arroz.

The present study aimed to characterize the percentage of white centers and their distribution along the panicle in different rice cultivars, with the aim of identifying those varieties with a lower incidence of this defect and, therefore, of higher commercial quality. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and its 95% probability distribution were used, evaluating 81 genetic materials with five replicates each. Observational techniques and quantitative analysis were used for data collection, in order to determine the proportion of grains with white centers and their location within the panicle. The results showed that cultivar FL-110/G-112 obtained the highest number of grains per panicle section with 49.87, while cultivar G-111/G112 achieved a lower value with 21.8 grains per section. Cultivar G-113/G-FI-106 (25.92%) achieved the highest average percentage of white centers per section; while cultivar L-6-1 achieved a lower value with 3.06% white centers per section. Cultivar G-113/G-FI-106 obtained a higher value with 24.99% white centers per panicle; while cultivar L-6-1 achieved a lower value with 3.02% white centers per panicle. Cultivar G-113/G-FI-106 obtained a higher value than average with 8.34% of grains with white centers; while cultivar TAIWAN-J2 achieved a lower value with 1.29% of grains with white centers. The highest average was found in the center of the grain with 3.98% white centers; The lowest averages were obtained in the initial and final sections, with 2.76% and 2.7% white center, respectively. Twenty cultivars were selected, presenting low values of between 3.02% and 6.66% white center per panicle. In this study, the alternative hypothesis was fulfilled, which was defined as follows: The white center of rice grains is different in at least one cultivar.

The present study aimed to characterize the percentage of white centers and their distribution along the panicle in different rice cultivars, with the aim of identifying those varieties with a lower incidence of this defect and, therefore, of higher commercial quality. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and its 95% probability distribution were used, evaluating 81 genetic materials with five replicates each. Observational techniques and quantitative analysis were used for data collection, in order to determine the proportion of grains with white centers and their location within the panicle. The results showed that cultivar FL-110/G-112 obtained the highest number of grains per panicle section with 49.87, while cultivar G-111/G112 achieved a lower value with 21.8 grains per section. Cultivar G-113/G-FI-106 (25.92%) achieved the highest average percentage of white centers per section; while cultivar L-6-1 achieved a lower value with 3.06% white centers per section. Cultivar G-113/G-FI-106 obtained a higher value with 24.99% white centers per panicle; while cultivar L-6-1 achieved a lower value with 3.02% white centers per panicle. Cultivar G-113/G-FI-106 obtained a higher value than average with 8.34% of grains with white centers; while cultivar TAIWAN-J2 achieved a lower value with 1.29% of grains with white centers. The highest average was found in the center of the grain with 3.98% white centers; The lowest averages were obtained in the initial and final sections, with 2.76% and 2.7% white center, respectively. Twenty cultivars were selected, presenting low values of between 3.02% and 6.66% white center per panicle. In this study, the alternative hypothesis was fulfilled, which was defined as follows: The white center of rice grains is different in at least one cultivar.

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo caracterizar el porcentaje de centro blanco y su distribución a lo largo de la panícula en diferentes cultivares de arroz, con el propósito de identificar aquellas variedades con menor incidencia de este defecto y, por ende, de mayor calidad comercial. Se utilizó el análisis de varianza (ANOVA) y el análisis de comparación de medias de Tukey (p <0,05), evaluando 81 materiales genéticos con cinco repeticiones cada uno. Para la recolección de datos se emplearon técnicas de observación y análisis cuantitativo, con el fin de determinar la proporción de granos con centro blanco y su ubicación dentro de la panícula. Los resultados permitieron evidenciar que el cultivar FL-110/G-112 obtuvo el mayor número de granos por tramo de panícula con 49,87, mientras que el cultivar G-111/G112 alcanzó un valor menor con 21,8 granos por tramo. El cultivar G-113/G-FI-106 (25.92 %) alcanzó el mejor promedio de porcentaje de centro blanco por tramo; mientras que el cultivar L-6-1 alcanzó un valor menor con 3.06 % de centro blanco por tramo. El cultivar G-113/G-FI-106 obtuvo un valor superior con 24.99 porciento de centro blanco por panícula; mientras que el cultivar L-6-1 alcanzó un valor menor con 3.02 porciento de centro blanco por panícula. El cultivar G-113/G-FI-106 obtuvo un valor superior de la media con 8.34 % de granos con centro blanco; mientras que el cultivar TAIWAN-J2 alcanzó un valor menor con 1.29 % de granos con centro blanco. El promedio más alto se presentó en el centro del grano con 3.98 % de centro blanco; mientras que en la parte inicial y final se obtuvo los promedios más bajos con 2.76 % y 2.7 % de centro blanco, respectivamente. 20 cultivares fueron seleccionados, presentando valores bajos de entre 3,02 y 6,66% de centro blanco por panícula. En este estudio se cumplió la hipótesis alternativa, misma que se definió de la siguiente manera: El centro blanco de los granos de arroz es diferente en al menos un cultivar.